The title is awarded to players who have met the standards required by the sport's governing body, FIDE.
When player names or spellings have changed, the most recent is used even if it is different than that when the title was awarded which is then listed in the Notes column.
Sometimes this may be a year after the player completed the final norm requirements for the title.
In a few cases (e.g. Esteban Canal), the title was awarded retrospectively, many years after the relevant achievements.
The Notes column gives the entire row's sources and those from 1950 to 2016 are equally in Chess International Titleholders, 1950–2016 by Di Felice.