List of cosmonauts

This is a list of cosmonauts who have taken part in the missions of the Soviet space program and the Russian Federal Space Agency, including ethnic Russians and people of other ethnicities.

Soviet and Russian cosmonauts born outside Russia are marked with an asterisk and their place of birth is shown in an additional list.

From 1978–1988, the Soviet Union transported 11 citizens of 10 nations closely allied to the USSR in the Soyuz crewed vehicle.

Since 2001, the Soyuz has been used to transport ESA, JAXA, and NASA astronauts to the International Space Station.

All claimed Soviet or Russian citizenship at the time of their space flights.

Ten men and one woman standing in two rows, five men behind and higher up than the six at the front. The woman is close to the centre of the front row. Eight of the men are in military uniform consisting of a dark khaki four-button jacket and dark blue trousers; the other three people wear civilian suits. All eleven are wearing the insignia of two awards, one on each breast; those in military uniform wear various additional insignia.
The first eleven Soviet cosmonauts, July 1965. Back row, left to right: Leonov , Titov , Bykovsky , Yegorov , Popovich ; front row: Komarov , Gagarin , Tereshkova , Nikolayev , Feoktistov , Belyayev . All were awarded the Hero of the Soviet Union , worn on the left breast and the Pilot-Cosmonaut of the USSR decoration, worn on the right. By the time that the twelfth cosmonaut ( Georgy Beregovoy ) flew in 1968, Komarov and Gagarin were both dead.
A Soviet space skafander in the Museum of Cosmonautics , Moscow
Soviet cosmonaut Yuri Gagarin , the first man in space
Nikolai Budarin
Vladimir Dezhurov
Aleksandr Kaleri
Sergei Krikalev
Alexei Leonov
Yuri Lonchakov
Gennady Padalka
Leonid Popov , Svetlana Savitskaya , Aleksandr Serebrov
Svetlana Savitskaya
Svetlana Savitskaya
Valentina Tereshkova
Igor Volk
Fyodor Yurchikhin