List of elm cultivars, hybrids and hybrid cultivars

Green and Krüssmann acknowledged their debt to Rehder's list of elm-cultivar synonyms (1949),[11] and to Schneider (1906),[12] but the digitisation of older dendrologies, handbooks, and nursery-catalogues[13][14][15] added cultivars and cultivation information missed or omitted by these four authorities.

[note 1] The list below makes good some of these omissions, additions justified by the survival of extensive elm collections in disease-control locations such as Edinburgh (known to have been stocked from one such nursery[16]), Brighton, Sweden,[9] and New Zealand.

Australia remains disease-free (2024) and has in quantity both well-known clones (e.g. 'Lutescens') and at least one old cultivar missed by Green and Krüssmann ('Canadian Giant'), as well as others that do not match European 'types'.

[20] Amongst the more discursive treatments, however, that included cultivation-history and subjective comment (and sometimes illustrations), used in articles in this list, were those of Loudon (1838)[21] and Elwes and Henry (1913) in the UK,[22] Browne in USA (1851),[23] Petzold in Germany (1864),[24] and Fontaine in the Netherlands (1965).

The digitisation of university and arboretum herbarium specimens, however, (leaves and fruit), bearing original labels, – a process more advanced, by the 2020s, in European[27] and American collections[28] than in those of the UK,[29][30] – and of old photographs of known cultivar-locations (see e.g. 'Atropurpurea'), has confirmed or supplemented the descriptions in many of the listed items.

'Lost' cultivars identified by Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh since 2016 through such old planting-location information,[16] and through herbarium specimens, – and returned to cultivation, – include U.

[11] Research leading to the selection and breeding of cultivars resistant to Dutch elm disease was under way in the Netherlands from the 1920s, in the US from the 1930s, in Italy from the 1970s, and in Spain from the 1990s.