[2][3] Globalisation is increasing the opportunities for players to transfer to different countries and to different professional sports, including the forms of football.
A large number of the first "soccer-style" placekickers of the 1960s, and early 1970s were Europeans and Latin Americans who changed codes in adulthood.
Eventually, kickers who changed codes in adulthood were largely, though not completely, displaced by players who were either born and raised in the U.S. or immigrated to the U.S. at a relatively early age, thus receiving more exposure to American football than most of the first soccer-style placekickers.
[12] Rugby league has since evolved to specialise in physicality and body type making it more difficult for successful conversion between the two, although it does sometimes happen at junior level, particularly in areas where both codes are played (such as the Riverina region).
Though the modern specialist fullback and wing positions in rugby league can be suitable for the body type and skill of some Australian rules players.
League players Darren Lockyer,[13] Glenn Lazarus,[14] Greg Brentnall,[15] Chris Kinna,[16] Eric McCormack,[17] Laurie Daley,[18] Bradley Clyde,[19] Kevin Proctor,[20] Matt Duffie,[21] Shaun Johnson,[22] Tom Trbojevic,[23][24] Hamiso Tabuai-Fidow,[25] William Warbrick,[26] Kalyn Ponga[27] and Corey Horsburgh[28] all played Aussie Rules at a junior level.
Gaelic football is especially vulnerable to code-switching, for reasons outlined by rugby union journalist Hugh Farrelly in 2009: The parochialism that is the GAA's greatest strength (every village in Ireland has a local team) is also its Achilles heel for, with no viable international outlet, the Association is vulnerable to other sports.
Furthermore, a strict adherence to its amateur code means talented youngsters can be lured away from the game they grew up with... by the prospect of pay for play....[43]Several ladies Gaelic footballers, including All-Ireland finalists, Niamh Fahey and Sarah Rowe, have gone on to represent the Republic of Ireland women's national association football team.
Some, including All-Ireland finalists Niamh Fahey and Sarah Rowe, have gone on to play for the Republic of Ireland women's national football team.
The Ireland squad featured at least six other former ladies' inter-county footballers – Niamh Briggs, Claire Molloy, Cliodhna Moloney, Katie Fitzhenry, Nora Stapleton and Hannah Tyrrell.
The Ireland squad featured at least six other former ladies' inter-county footballers – Niamh Briggs, Claire Molloy, Cliodhna Moloney, Katie Fitzhenry, Nora Stapleton and Hannah Tyrrell.
[55] In addition to the senior players listed below numerous schoolboy rugby league players have made a transition to success at senior Australian rules, including Wayne Carey,[56] Paul Kelly,[57] Kieren Jack,[58] Andrew McLeod,[59] Jared Brennan,[59] Matthew Whelan,[59] and Sam Gilbert.
[68] In recent years, several schoolboy rugby union players have made a transition to Australian Rules, including Ray Smith (Queensland Under 19), Jim Stynes, Lewis Roberts-Thomson, Aaron Edwards, Adam Campbell (New Zealand Under 15), Daniel Merrett, Brad Moran (West Midlands (England) Under 16) and Tom Williams (Queensland Under 16).