With six goals in UEFA Group D, Mitrović led Serbia's successful campaign to qualify for the 2018 FIFA World Cup.
[7] By scoring his 39th goal in a 2022 FIFA World Cup qualifier against Portugal on 27 March 2021, Mitrović surpassed the all-time goal-scoring record for Serbia and its precursor Yugoslavia that had been held by Stjepan Bobek.
[8][a] On 14 November 2021, he scored the deciding, last-minute goal in a 2–1 away win over Portugal that resulted in Serbia qualifying directly for the 2022 FIFA World Cup.
[9] He scored a total of six goals in the 2022–23 UEFA Nations League, including a hat-trick against Sweden on 24 September 2022.
Three days later, he scored his 50th international goal in a 2–0 away win over Norway that resulted in Serbia being promoted to League A for the first time.