Law enforcement in Canada is the responsibility of police services, special constabularies, and civil law enforcement agencies, which are operated by every level of government, some private and Crown corporations, and First Nations.
[2] As such, the exact duties and authority of individual law enforcement agencies vary significantly.
Police services may take on additional duties such as municipal by-law enforcement,[3][4] and police services range in size from small, one-officer forces that are generally limited to enforcing provincial and municipal legislation to large organizations charged with investigating complex financial crimes.
The Niagara Parks Police Service, for example, employs armed officers responsible for providing almost all police services on and in relation to lands owned by the Niagara Parks Commission;[10] while the University of Saskatchewan Protective Services Division's unarmed officers are limited to enforcing University by-laws, some provincial laws, and limited sections of the Criminal Code.
[19] For the purposes of this list, agencies are grouped by their primary responsibilities and legislative definitions.