Mineralogy is an active science in which minerals are discovered or recognised on a regular basis.
Differences in chemical composition and crystal structure distinguish the various species.
Some minerals published previously have been either confirmed or discredited since that date.
Presently, each year about 90–110 new mineral species (the sum of all mutations c. 120 per year) are officially approved by the Commission on New Minerals, Nomenclature and Classification (CNMNC) of the International Mineralogical Association.
[2] Also as of November 2024[update], the Mineralogical Society of America's Handbook of Mineralogy lists 5,663 species,[3] and the IMA Database of Mineral Properties/RRUFF Project lists 6,006 valid species (IMA/CNMNC) of a total of 6,237 minerals.