List of orthodontic functional appliances

A removable appliance is usually used by patients who have high degree of compliance with their orthodontic treatment.

Appliances used in transverse dimension are utilized to expand either the maxillary or the mandibular arch.

Wilhelm Roux is credited with being the first person who studied the effects of functional forces on Orthodontics in 1883.

The Monobloc was developed by Pierre Robin (surgeon) in 1902 and is considered to be one of the first functional appliances in Orthodontics.

The Positioner Appliance was developed by Harold Kesling in 1944 in order to aid the orthodontic treatment during the finishing stage.

Adams clasps are used for retention of these removable appliances and are usually fabricated in the molar areas.

Active components of removable appliances include springs which provides light forces on a tooth to move it orthodontically.

Components such as Palatal Finger Springs, Buccal Canine Retractor, Z-Spring, T-Spring, Coffin Spring, Active Labial Bows (Mill's Bow or Roberts retractor), Screws and Elastics are all considered to be active components of the removable functional appliances.