List of parties to the Biological Weapons Convention
The treaty closed for signature upon coming into force on 26 March 1975 with the deposit of ratification by 22 states.
Several countries made reservations when ratifying the agreement declaring that it did not imply their complete satisfaction that the BWC allows the stockpiling of biological agents and toxins for "prophylactic, protective or other peaceful purposes", nor should it imply recognition of other countries they do not recognise.
According to the treaties database maintained by the United Nations Office for Disarmament Affairs, as of July 2024, 187 states have ratified or acceded to the BWC.
[1] Multiple dates indicate the different days in which states submitted their signature or deposition, varied by location.
The ROC has committed itself to continue to adhere to the requirements of the treaty, and the United States has declared that they still consider them to be "bound by its obligations".
[23] Dominica, Tuvalu and Vanuatu's statuses were likewise ambiguous from their independence until they formally submitted instruments of accession or succession to the treaty.
[24] The UK Treaty Office (as depositary) did not receive an instrument of succession from Dominica until 2016.
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Signed and ratified
Acceded or succeeded
Unrecognized state, abiding by treaty
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Only signed
Non-signatory
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