Namibia is a dominant-party state with the South-West Africa People's Organisation in power.
Opposition parties are allowed, but are widely considered to have no real chance of gaining power.
In Namibian politics, ethnicity plays a significant role in party affiliation and voting behaviour.
Some parties are dominated by single ethnic groups; SWAPO itself, its government, and administration, is pre-dominantly Ovambo.
[1] Parties with seats in the National Assembly of Namibia after the 2024 elections: The following parties contested the 2019 parliamentary elections but did not gain a seat, in the order of votes obtained:[2] The following parties did not contest the 2019 general elections but took part in the 2020 local authority election, and gained seats:[4]