In 49 BC, Caesar initiated a civil war by taking his army across the Rubicon river and thus defying the Roman Senate's authority.
[5][6] Caesar's concentration of power led to his assassination on the Ides of March, 44 BC, by a group of senators.
Caesar's name and legacy have been preserved in numerous ways throughout history and cultures.
Cities such as Casares and Cáceres trace their names back to him, as do geographical features like the Julian Alps.
Many operas, like Giulio Cesare in Egitto by Handel and Die Ermordung Cäsars by Klebe, also bear his name.