Lister Expedition

Reports from Cachar stated that the Lushais, under Chief Lalianvunga and his son Mora, had attacked a Kuki settlement ten miles south of Silchar belonging to Seyahpow.

The King of Hill Tipperah, Ishan Chandra Manikya, was ordered to summon the guilty chiefs and their warriors to release the captives.

[8] As a result fo the report, the government of Bengal readily agreed to the suggestions and appointed him Frontier Officer to ward off the Lushai raids.

[9] Lister's report on the expedition is also considered one of the earliest analysis and observations of the Lushai Hills prior to widespread communication and familirization.

Chatterjee argues that the quarrels of British bureaucracy between Tripura and Sylhet shifted the focus away from understanding the Lushai Hills and the threat they carried in their raids.

In these cantonments the fighting men reside; in the dependent villages are located their ryots, who are merely used as coolies, and for tilling the soil.

It appeared to be a cantonment laid out with the utmost regularity, and containing, I should say, not less than three thousand fighting men, and from what I saw, and the information I have received, I do not consider this beyond the mark.

Almost all the other kookie tribes are migratory in their habits, changing their residence every two or three years but from ther substantial way in which the Lushai villages are built, I cam convinced they are a stationary tribe, and this stamps them as different from the other Kookies, who one and all entertain a great dread of them.His honor will remark on the facility with which I gained possession of a large village in the face of this powerful people.

But to explain this, I have only to state that with very few exceptions, the whole fighting population of this village were absent on one of their marauding excursions, added to which they were taken completely by surprise, as the path by which I approached the cantonments they believed to be known only to themselves; and as all their lookouts were posted on the main road, they were in utter ignorance of my movements.On reaching the village, however, and discovering the description of country I had got into, the distance from any supports, and the difficulties of the road, I considered I should be compromising the safety of my detachment by remaining a longer time than would suffice to give the men necessary rest.The nature of the country is such, that a few stockades thrown up at certain points would serve to cut off all communication and these, expert as ther Kookies I heard from my spies that Barmooelin's village was full of men , and they could have intercepted me at any point along the road.

Indeed, although I was only one night in Mullah's village, yet in that intervene they had commenced stockading the direct road, with a view of cutting me off, though probably not anticipating my so speedy return, the works were not complete and no attempt was made to defend them.

it is not their muskets or other offensive weapons that are to be dreaded,but their expertness in the use of the dow, and the facilities in which their jungles afford, both in materials and position for throwing obstacles in the way of an advance or retreat.There can be no doubt that Mullah was the chief whose people committed the outrage on the Roopa Cherra in November last, and to confirm this, an abkaree perwannah was found in his house, bearing the name of a man belonging to the Tripoorah village,which was plunged on that occasion and dated 1849.

This, and the loss of consequent on the destruction of all his property, will probably cripple him for some time, but he is only one of the petty chiefs, and I cannot feel assured that my expedition will have had little real effect on the tribe at large, further than shewing them that is it possible for us to penetrate their jungles.I am of opinion that to put down these people effectually would employ a well appointed force of not less than three thousand men.

A portion of this force ought to consist of Europeans, as a great deal of stockade work might be expected from the great abundance of materials and the ease and rapidity with which these people run up stockades, to which may be added the well known character of the Burmese for this kind of warfare.From the nature of the country (all the ranges of hills running north and south), I feel convinced that an attack from any other quarter, except Cachar, would be attended with the greatest difficulty and, indeed, is in my opinion impracticable.

Towards the Chittagong side the ranges rise higher and higher and both from that direction and from Sylhet or Comillah numourous ranges of hills,as well as difficult swamps and unfordable rivers, would have to be crossed; whereas from Cachar a good chain of hills runs down unbroken into the enemy's country, and along this a good practicable road might be constructed by a couple of companies of pioneers aided by builders and Kookies to cut the jungle.

The Lushais have been getting bolder, and extending their ravages further every year, and I feel convinced they are the authors of all the massacres committed on the frontier from year to year.Even allowing that small detachments could penetrate into their country from time to time and destroy one or two of their villages, this would be at very considerable risk and would only have the effect of inciting them to fresh outrages from a spirit of revenge.

Unless their independence as a powerful tribe is quite broken, the frontier will never be free from their attacks.That they acknowledge no allegiance to the Tipperah Raja is certain; but whether as is reported, he or his ministers have any means of communicating with them, I cannot say.