Liternum was an ancient town of Campania, southern central Italy, near "Patria lake", on the low sandy coast between Cumae and the mouth of the Volturnus.

[2] The town is mainly famous as the residence of the elder Scipio Africanus, who withdrew from Rome and died there.

In letter LXXXVI, Seneca describes the villa as being built with squared stone blocks with towers on both sides.

The construction of the Via Domitiana through Liternum made it a posting station, but the town later had a malaria outbreak and went into decline.

[8] Excavations between 1930 and 1936 brought to light some elements of the city center (a forum with a podium temple from the early years of the town,[9] a basilica and a small theater).