Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–1372)

The Lithuanian–Muscovite War, known in the Rogozh Chronicle as Litovschina (Russian: Литовщина), encompasses three raids by Algirdas, Grand Duke of Lithuania, to the Principality of Moscow in 1368, 1370, and 1372.

Algirdas organized the raids against Dmitry Donskoy in support of the Principality of Tver, chief rival of Moscow.

Mikhail was released when envoys of the Golden Horde arrived and Dmitry did not want to involve the Tatars in the Moscow–Tver dispute.

[4] On November 21, 1368, the Lithuanians defeated the Russian defense forces on the Trosna River and killed its commanders and other boyars.

Dmitry Donskoy retreated to the Moscow Kremlin, behind the walls that were completed just a few months before, and ordered to burn the posad so that the Russian defense would have a better position.

Algirdas' forces burned and pillaged, but did not succeed in taking the city's Kremlin where Dmitry Donskoy had retreated.

In particular, Algirdas complained that Dmitry Donskoy attacked nine Lithuanian fortresses on the upper Volga and Oka Rivers[4] and requested appointment of a new metropolitan bishop of Lithuania.

[2] In December 1371, the Muscovites defeated prince Oleg II Ivanovich of Ryazan in the Battle of Skornishchevo; he was exiled for six months before returning to his throne.

Algirdas agreed to abandon the plans of promoting Mikhail thus ending Lithuania's assistance to Tver.

[2] The raids to Moscow consumed many resources at the time when Lithuania faced another war with the Teutonic Order and suffered several defeats, particularly the Battle of Rudau in February 1370.

[2] They strengthened Moscow's prestige and influence in Rus' and signified that Lithuanian eastward expansion into Slavic lands was coming to an end.

The chronicle merged the three raids into one and added a colorful exchange of threats between Algirdas and Dmitry Donskoy.

Algirdas then invades the Principality of Moscow and Dmitry Donskoy sues for peace offering a large ransom.

The poetic visual was repeated by Maciej Stryjkowski, Albert Wijuk Kojałowicz and later historians with various modifications.

[9] The wars were unsuccessful for Lithuania – it lost a significant portion of its territory, including the strategically important Smolensk.

The episode with the spear was probably borrowed from Polish historiography: King Boleslaus I of Poland used his sword (Szczerbiec) to hit the Golden Gate in Kiev in 1018.

Dmitry Donskoy writes letters, asking for help against Algirdas during the Lithuanian–Muscovite War (1368–1372)