The historic town centre is well preserved and is protected by law as an urban monument reservation.

The highest point, located in the northern tip of the territory, is at 480 m (1,570 ft) above sea level.

The town is situated on the right (northern) bank of the Elbe River, at its confluence with the Ohře, which flows from the south.

The area was later settled by Germanic tribes, when Litoměřice first appeared on Ptolemy's world map in the 2nd century under the name of Nomisterium.

In 1057, the Litomeřice Chapter was founded by Duke Spytihněv II, and it is the oldest written evidence of the existence of the town.

After the Protestant tensions with the Catholics that triggered the Thirty Years' War and the Protestants' defeat in the Battle of White Mountain, the surviving population of the town was forced to accept Catholicism or face property confiscation and the obligation to leave the kingdom.

[3] As a result, the Czech Protestant population shrank and the town became largely germanized.

[3] In 1918, Bohemia, Moravia and Czech Silesia became constituent parts of the newly created Czechoslovakia), along with a large border area inhabited predominantly by Sudeten Germans.

In 1938, after the Munich Agreement, German troops occupied the Sudetenland (and all the rest of Czech lands a few months later).

18,000 prisoners passed through the camp and were forced to work mostly on excavating underground factories (Richard I and II) under Radobýl.

[5][6] In the final stages of World War II, German troops retreated to escape the advancing Red Army.

The Czech resistance took control of the castle on 27 April 1945, and after a few days they started negotiations with the German commander about the terms of his surrender.

[13] North Bohemian Gallery of Fine Arts is based close the main square.

Extensive collection spans from 13th century to contemporary art with numerous other exhibitions during the year.

[18] The Baroque Saint Stephen's Cathedral at the Dómské Square was built in place of an older Romanesque basilica in the years 1664–1668.

[19] The interior is almost completely authentic with main and six side altars and a lot of original paintings.