Litzi Friedmann

[5] Still living in Vienna, Friedmann joined the Communist Party of Austria (KPÖ) and worked for the Moscow-led European underground.

Friedmann had a wide network of Communist connections across Europe, including to Soviet intelligence.

[7] The couple married in Vienna on 24 February, partly so Philby's British citizenship could protect Friedmann from the Austrian police.

[9] In 1934, the Socialist movement collapsed, and the couple left Vienna for London in April to live with Philby's mother.

[7] Friedmann had a friend in London who was working for Soviet intelligence, the photographer and fellow Viennese Edith Tudor-Hart.