Born in Kai County, Sichuan (now part of Chongqing municipality), Liu graduated from Southwestern University of Finance and Economics.

Following the retirement of Li Jinhua, he was promoted to the office of Auditor General of the People's Republic of China in March 2008.

[2] On 23 October 2021, he was appointed vice chairperson of the National People's Congress Financial and Economic Affairs Committee.

[3] On October 25, he resigned as chairman of the Standing Committee of Shandong People's Congress.

[4] He is a senior auditor and a member of the 17th, 18th, and 19th Central Committees of the Chinese Communist Party.