It was completed on 18 April 1848, a year before the Austrian Southern Railway, connecting Vienna and Trieste, reached Ljubljana.

It is the main railway station in the country and serves as a hub for both domestic and international trains.

The station is located in the city center, making it easily accessible by foot, car, or public transportation.

James Joyce spent a night at Ljubljana railway station on his way to Trieste in October 1904, because he mistakenly thought that he had arrived at his destination.

In his honour, a small monument, created by the sculptor Jakov Brdar, was erected at Ljubljana railway station on Bloomsday in 2003.