[4] Llanfaelog is bordered by Llanfihangel yn Nhowyn to the north, Bryngwran to the northeast, Pencarnisiog to the east, Bryn Du to the southeast, Aberffraw to the south, and Rhosneigr to the west.

The main railway line to Holyhead passes close to the village, between it and the coast which is about a mile to the southwest.

The A4080 road branches at Llanfaelog; a loop goes northwest to Rhosneigr railway station, curves to the left to reach Rhosneigr on the coast and then continues round Llyn Maelog to rejoin the direct branch of the road half a mile south of the village of Llanfaelog.

It is found on the A4080, under 3 miles (5 km) from both the historic A5 and the newer dual carriageway A55 "North Wales Expressway".

It is equidistant between the railway stations at Ty Croes and Rhosneigr, being a couple of minutes drive from them both.