Lois Gunden

Lois Gunden (February 25, 1915 – August 27, 2005) was the fourth of five Americans to be recognized as Righteous Among the Nations by Yad Vashem, the Shoah Martyrs' and Heroes' Remembrance Authority of Israel.

She helped establish an orphanage and rescue mission for children in Southern France during World War II.

[2] Gunden joined the Mennonite Central Committee and on October 4, 1941, she boarded the S.S. Excambion in New York for Portugal, which was a neutral country at the time.

The Œuvre de secours aux enfants and the Quaker American Friends Service Committee also assisted in Gunden's efforts.

Gunden said of the camp, "Sight of bunks with people sitting hunchbacked on them… dirty and bare kitchens… eagerness with which the children drank milk."

[8] Mary Elmes, a Quaker relief worker, visited the mission regularly and gave Gunden helpful advice.

Elmes was aware of Nazi Germany's plans for Jews and kept Gunden informed of the potential risks and dangers.

Her father was transported in July 1942 to Auschwitz concentration camp by the Germans and Ginette and her mother were caught and taken to Rivesaltes.

[5] By November 1942, when North Africa was stormed by American and British troops,[5] she was considered an enemy alien and in January 1943, Germans arrested her and treated her like a diplomat.

[6] She was released as part of a prisoner exchange effort for German diplomats, arriving in New York City on March 15, 1944, on the Gripsholm.

[13] After a lecture tour and teaching Spanish during the summer,[6] Gunden resumed her position at Goshen College in the fall of 1944.

[2] Gunden was active in the Mennonite Church[2] and she volunteered for other relief projects in Puerto Rico, Mexico, and in the United States.

[2] A girl that Gunden saved, Ginette Kalish, nominated her for the title of Righteous Among the Nations,[12] which was awarded by Yad Vashem on February 27, 2013.