The village of Louisa Court House had been the county seat for over a century when it became a strategic location during the American Civil War for Virginia's supply and communication lines.

On June 10, 1864, thousands of men and horses of Gen. Fitzhugh Lee's cavalry division camped around the courthouse prior to the Battle of Trevilian Station.

The C&O operated the mainline through Louisa over one hundred years, until the Chessie System merged into CSX in the 1980s.

[7] Many businesses found advantage in locating near the mainline, especially heavy industries that could transport using the railroad.

As the road infrastructure improved and especially since the 1956 development of the interstate highway system's I-64, local businesses transport mainly via semi-truck using US 33.

Louisa is home to the North Anna Nuclear Generating Station which produces electricity and offers jobs for the county's inhabitants.

[14] This quake registered 5.8 magnitude and caused the evacuations of buildings on Capitol Hill in Washington, D.C., as well as New York City and was felt as far north as Canada.