Her father was the eldest legitimised son of Louis XIV and Madame de Montespan.

On 9 April 1714, she was baptised with the name of her aunt Louise Françoise de Bourbon, known as Madame la Duchesse.

Present at her baptism were the Dauphin, Louis de France, who was the guest of honour being helped by Mademoiselle du Maine's other paternal aunt, the Duchess of Orléans.

Mademoiselle du Maine was rumoured to have been betrothed to one Monsieur de Guise, but the said engagement never materialised.

He also said that her court hoops were so large that on one occasion they became entangled with those of the Queen and the two women had to stand and pull against each other to disentangle themselves.

Louis XV was most annoyed and Monsieur de La Tremoille was sent to the duchesse du Maine with the measurement for the hoops Mademoiselelle should wear, with the rider that in future she should stand at a more respectful distance from the Queen.