Louisville is a city in Pottawatomie County, Kansas, United States.

The area was once part of the Potawatomi Hunting grounds and a large majority of the settlers were either associated with the Pottawatomie Indian Reservation or commerce on the Oregon Trail.

[4] In 1882, with the county seat in Westmoreland and the Union Pacific Railroad built through Wamego, the town's population swiftly declined.

Louis Vieux Sr.[5] was a prominent citizen of Louisville who operated a trail crossing across the Vermillion River.

He was born in 1809 in Wisconsin to Angelique Roy, a Potawatomi woman, and Jacques Vieux, a Canadian-French trader.

Sha-Note died in 1857 and Vieux moved to the Vermillion River near present-day Louisville.

Vieux began his trail crossing business and worked as a caller for the U.S. Government working the pay station in St. Mary's and he also served on the tribal council and made trips to Washington, D.C., on behalf of the Pottawatomies.

Vieux also signed the treaty that split the Pottawatomies into two separate tribes-the Prairie Band and Citizen Potawatomi Nation.

Vieux died in 1872 and left behind a 200-page will leaving half the town of Louisville, all of Belvue and other personal property to his wife and children.

About three miles east of Louisville was the Vermillion Crossing of the Oregon Trail operated by Louis Vieux.

Nearby, on the banks of the river, is a cholera cemetery from 1849, which is estimated to contain at least fifty graves, although only two stones—both native sandstones—remain.

According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 0.49 square miles (1.27 km2), all land.

[7] Louisville is part of the Manhattan, Kansas Metropolitan Statistical Area.

The 2020 United States census counted 131 people, 57 households, and 25 families in Louisville.