As an economist, Einaudi belonged to the classical school of economics in addition to Pietro Campilli, Epicarmo Corbino and Gustavo Del Vecchio.

He also worked as a journalist for important Italian newspapers such as La Stampa and Il Corriere della Sera, as well as being financial correspondent for The Economist.

[6] Einaudi was Governor of the Bank of Italy from 5 January 1945 until 11 May 1948, and was also a founding member of the Consulta Nazionale which opened the way to the new Parliament of the Italian Republic after World War II.

[11] Einaudi personally managed the activities of his farm near Dogliani, which produced Nebbiolo wine, and he boasted to be using the most advanced agricultural developments.

In 1950, the monarchist satirical magazine Candido published a cartoon in which Einaudi was at the Quirinal Palace, surrounded by a presidential guard of honour (the corazzieri) of giant bottles of Nebbiolo wine, each labelled with the institutional logo.

The cartoon was judged a lèse-majesté by a court of the time, and Giovannino Guareschi, the director of the magazine, was held responsible and sentenced.