The Vargas brothers and the other dissidents then founded the Trotskyist Bolshevik-Leninist Party (PBL) and went underground until the fall of the Machado government in August 1933.
In January 1959, under Fidel Castro's revolutionary regime, Vargas remained in his previous post as Ambassador in charge of the Economic Division of the Ministry of State due to his friendship with the new Foreign Minister, Raúl Roa García, a 1930s Communist militant.
[1]: 273 Vargas became involved in the planning of the ill-fated Bay of Pigs Invasion after joining the Cuban Democratic Revolutionary Front and served as the director of their clandestine radio station sponsored by the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA).
A year later, Vargas was enticed out of his sanctuary by a traitor who promised to arrange a covert trip to Florida, but he was arrested while hiding in a farm in Calabazar.
He was allowed to rejoin his wife in exile when civil rights activist Jesse Jackson convinced Fidel Castro to release Vargas and 25 other political prisoners on June 28, 1984.