The city of Kananga (formerly known as Luluabourg) was at the center of the district, but had a separate administration.

The district was divided into five territories: In 1933 the original four provinces of the Belgian Congo were reorganized into six provinces, named after their capitals, and the central government assumed more control.

[2] Lusambo Province contained the districts of Sankuru to the east and Kasai to the west.

[4] The area was 48,100 square kilometres (18,600 sq mi) out of a total of 323,100 square kilometres (124,700 sq mi) for Kasai province as a whole.

Presidents (from 1965, governors) of Luluabourg province were Lulua was one of 25 new provinces specified in the country's Constitution (effective 18 February 2006).