[4] In 1839, William I became a party to the Treaty of London by which the Grand-Duchy lost its western, francophone territories to the Belgian province of Luxembourg.

Under the terms of the treaty, Luxembourg and the newly formed Duchy of Limburg, both members of the German Confederation, were together required to provide a federal contingent consisting of a light infantry battalion garrisoned in Echternach, a cavalry squadron in Diekirch, and an artillery detachment in Ettelbruck.

Luxembourg was declared neutral in perpetuity by the 1867 Treaty of London, and in accordance, its fortress was demolished in the following years.

[5] A new military organization was established in 1867, consisting of two battalions, known as the Corps des Chasseurs Luxembourgeois, having a total strength of 1,568 officers and men.

[10] On 9 January 1919, a group of socialist and liberal deputies, tabled a motion to make Luxembourg a republic.

The committee had no public support and the French Army under the command of General de La Tour soon quelled the turmoil.

[11] In 1944 during World War II, the Luxembourg Government, while exiled in London, made agreements for a group of seventy Luxembourg volunteers to be assigned to the Artillery Group of the 1st Belgian Infantry Brigade, commonly known as Brigade Piron, Jean-Baptiste Piron being the chief of this unit.

[12] Several Luxembourg NCOs and half of the country's troops had fought in North Africa in the French Foreign Legion.

The rest were people who had escaped from Luxembourg, and young men evading forcible conscription into the Wehrmacht by fleeing to Britain.

[15] To a certain extent, the authorities could rely on escaped German conscripts and Luxembourgers who had joined Allied armies;[15] however, they had to find a way to train officers.

[15] In the end, the government opted for a compromise solution, by sending some officer cadets to the École spéciale militaire de Saint-Cyr in France and others to the Royal Military Academy in Belgium.

This eventually led to disunity within the Luxembourg officer corps due to differences in training and promotion.

In 1950, seventeen countries, including Luxembourg, decided to send armed forces to assist the Republic of Korea.

The Luxembourg contingent was incorporated into the Belgian United Nations Command or the Korean Volunteer Corps.

In 1954, the Groupement Tactique Régimentaire (GTR) (Regimental Tactical Group) was established as Luxembourg's contribution to NATO.

[17] Compulsory military service was abolished in 1967 by which time some 34,700 men had served at some point in the Luxembourg Army.

Luxembourg started financially supporting international peacekeeping missions in 1991, citing the Persian Gulf War, Rwanda and in Albania.

Luxembourg has contributed troops to the UNPROFOR from April 1992 to August 1993, deploying in total 40 military personnel in a Belgian bataillon.

This was followed by a small contingent in the NATO SFOR mission in Bosnia and Herzegovina, completing 9 personnel rotations.

The army has also participated in humanitarian relief missions such as setting up refugee camps for Kurds and providing emergency supplies to Albania.

[19] Furthermore, Luxembourg participated in the RSM in Mazar-i-Sharif from 2015 to 2021 and prodived evacuation support during the August 2021 Taliban offensive in Kabul.

The Luxembourg Armed Forces have also been active in Africa, supporting the EU Security Reform Mission in the Democratic Republic of the Congo (EUSEC RDC), the EU Military Operation in Eastern Chad and North Eastern Central African Republic (EUFOR Chad/CAR), following with the MINURCAT.

Luxembourg is also active in the NATO eFP, contributing logistical and satellite transmission support in Lithuania since 2017.

[26] Compagnie A, the first of two rifle companies that forms the Luxembourg contingent of the Eurocorps, is normally integrated into the Belgian contribution during operations.

As such, it participates in Eurocorps' contribution to the NATO Response Force (entire company) and the EU Battlegroups (one platoon).

All NATO AWACS planes are registered to the LAF and sport the Luxembourg Armed Forces roundel.

The winter service dress uniform, of olive drab wool, consists of a single-breasted coat having patch pockets with flaps, a khaki shirt and tie, and trousers that are usually cuffless.

[33] The probation period consists of specialised military-branch training at a school abroad, and practical service within one of the Army's units.

[33] Those who have completed five years of high school and have served four months as voluntary soldiers, will do a nine-month stage at the Infantry Training Department of the Belgian Army in Arlon, before becoming sergeants in the Luxembourg Armed Forces.