The school offers courses according to the curriculum prescribed by the French Directorate of National Education, Youth and Sports.
The main building was constructed between 1665 and 1675 as a convent for noble girls, as requested by the Catherine-Charlotte de Gramont, wife of Louis I.
For the next 10 years, the buildings were vacant, until, on 31 May 1870, a group of Italian Jesuits began to use them to provide open college courses.
On the 50th anniversary of its founding, Rainier III renamed the school "Lycée Albert I st" to commemorate its founder.
The library preserves many ancient works from private donations including a copy of the Encyclopedia of Diderot and d'Alembert.