In early 1946 the Council of Ministers ordered that the S-18 be developed into an operational engine with a thrust of 15.5 kN (3,500 lbf).
It was tested in the air on a pylon fitted to a Lend-Lease B-25 Mitchell piston-engined bomber.
Its failure led directly to the cancellation of the first Soviet jet bomber, the Ilyushin Il-22.
[2] Lyulka further developed the engine into the TR-1A of 20.5 kN (4,600 lbf) of thrust, but its specific fuel consumption was very high and it too was cancelled.
[1] Data from Gordon, OKB Ilyushin: A History of the Design Bureau and its Aircraft.