[4][5] Despite the French efforts to hold back the Communist Việt Minh, the Hòa Bình Province was reconquered by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in 1952[6] and the Mường Autonomous Territory was dissolved.

[8] In order to counter the calls for unification of Vietnam, the government of French Indochina established the Mường Autonomous Territory in the Hòa Bình Province in 1947.

[8] From the start of the First Indochina war, two problems arose for the French, first was dealing with the lack of personnel and second was involving the local populations in order, among other things, benefit from their knowledge.

[9] Thus, thousands of men, coming mainly from ethnic minorities in the mountains of Tonkin, hostile to the aims of the Communist partisans, enlisted in this French army, and formed Companies of Military Supplements.

[12] Despite the French efforts to hold back the Communist Việt Minh, the Hòa Bình Province was reconquered by the Democratic Republic of Vietnam in February 1952 and the Mường Autonomous Territory was de facto dissolved while continuing to exist on paper.