Macedonian Federative Organization

[4] Violence between the two groups reinforced a political crisis growing public impression that Bulgarian governments were unstable.

[5] The federalists' programme contained a bizarre formulation of a future Macedonian state using Esperanto as official language.

As for the relations of the Organization with the Bulgarian government of Aleksandar Stamboliyski, it supported the federalist's movement and was openly hostile to the aspirations of the autonomists.

MFO organized a number of armed forays into Pirin Macedonia (Nevrokop and Kyustendil), where it attacked the local IMRO detachments.

Continuing into 1924 secret negotiations between the federalists, BCP and IMRO representatives were conducted to unite all groups under the goal of independence or autonomy of a Macedonian state.

In the aftermath of the failed agreement (the so-called May Manifesto from 15 May 1924[7]) Todor Alexandrov, as well as key figures of the Federalists, were assassinated in the subsequent clash.