In 2006, it was named a National Historic Landmark due to its unique Midwestern beauty and architecture scheme.

[6] Many of the prominent buildings in the district were built by Madison-native-architect Francis Costigan, who favored the Greek Revival style.

Costigan, himself, built his home in the district, and it is considered one of the best uses of a narrow lot by modern architects.

[8][9][10] Also located in the district is the restored 1895 Railroad Depot and the Jefferson County Historical Society museum.

Madison was also a major stop on the Underground Railroad, with many homes in the area having once been used for assisting the escape of slaves.