Madison Township is one of the seventeen townships of Highland County, Ohio, United States.

Located in the northeastern corner of the county, it borders the following townships: Most of the village of Greenfield is located in northeastern Madison Township.

It is one of twenty Madison Townships statewide.

[4] The township is governed by a three-member board of trustees, who are elected in November of odd-numbered years to a four-year term beginning on the following January 1.

There is also an elected township fiscal officer,[5] who serves a four-year term beginning on April 1 of the year after the election, which is held in November of the year before the presidential election.