The Madras and Southern Mahratta Railway was a railway company that operated in southern India.

It was founded on 1 January 1908 by merging the Madras Railway and the Southern Mahratta Railway.

[1][2] Initially, its headquarters was at Royapuram in Madras but was later shifted to a newly constructed building at Egmore, which was inaugurated on 11 December 1922.

On 1 April 1944, its management was taken over directly by the Government of India.

[3] In 1936 the company owned 663 locomotives, 1561 coaches and 15.092 goods wagons.