Mahmud Ismayil oghlu Aliyev (Azerbaijani: Mahmud İsmayıl oğlu Əliyev; 22 February 1908 – 24 September 1958) was an Azerbaijani politician and diplomat who served as the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Azerbaijan SSR from 1944 to 1958.

In 1926, he completed his secondary education in Baku, and in 1931 he graduated from Azerbaijan State Medical University with a degree in General Therapy.

[1] In 1931–1936, he was director of a clinic in Kalbajar and Jabrayil rayons of Azerbaijan and head surgeon of a regional hospital.

[2] Starting from 1937 through 1943, Aliyev headed the Department of Medical Education of Commissariat of People's Health, was director of Azerbaijan State Medical University and director of Science and Preschool Department of Central Committee of Azerbaijan Communist Party.

While in the office of foreign service, he also worked as the Rector of Doctors' Qualification Institute of Azerbaijan SSR in 1950–1953.