Makowski (feminine: Makowska; plural: Makowscy) is a Polish surname with regional variations across Slavic countries, such as Makovsky in Russia.
The surname Makowski relates to a location, as it was common among nobility (the suffix -ski being the equivalent of the English "of", the Germanic "von" and the French "de").
In this case, it is likely indicating one of the towns named Maków or Makowo.
[1] The etymological root "Mak" translates to "Poppy" in Slavic languages.
The "Polish Armorial" reference by the heraldist Kasper Niesiecki lists several noble (szlachta) people with the name Makowski belonging to different heraldic clans (herb), including:[2]