Some botanists have reclassified it as Malus toringo.

[2] It is sometimes considered to have three varieties:[3] The cultivar Malus toringo 'Scarlett' has received the Royal Horticultural Society's Award of Garden Merit.

[4] Malus sieboldii—Malus toringo is native to eastern temperate Asia, in China, Japan, and Korea.

[5] Fungal plant pathogen Pseudocercospora mali is found on the leaves of the tree in Japan.

[6] Media related to Malus toringo at Wikimedia Commons