Dr. Herman N. Barnum account of Harpoot in the 1800s, The city of Harpoot has a population of perhaps 20,000, and it is located a few miles east of the river Euphrates, near latitude thirty-nine, and east from Greenwich about thirty-nine degrees.

The Anti-Taurus range lies some forty miles to the north in full view from the ridge just back of the city.

The Arabkir field, on the west, was joined to Harpoot in 1865, and the following year…the larger part of the Diarbekir field on the south; so that now the limits of the Harpoot station embrace a district nearly one third as large as new England.

[5]At the beginning of the 20th century it reportedly had an area of 14,614 square miles (37,850 km2), while the preliminary results of the first Ottoman census of 1885 (published in 1908) gave the population as 575,314.

[6] The accuracy of the population figures ranges from "approximate" to "merely conjectural" depending on the region from which they were gathered.

[6] In 1912, according to the Russian statistics the vilayet of Mamuret-ul-Aziz had 450,000 residents; 168,000 were Armenians, 182,000 were Turks, 95,000 were Kurds and 5,000 were Syriac Orthodox.