Born in Itararé, São Paulo, Marcos Guilherme joined Atlético Paranaense's youth setup in 2008, aged 13.
[1] Marcos Guilherme was promoted to the main squad in 2014, and made his Série A debut on 20 April 2014, starting in a 1–0 home win against Grêmio.
[6] He contributed with 11 league appearances, and helped the side to reach the Final of the Croatian Football Cup, where they lost to HNK Rijeka.
[15] On 9 February 2023, Guilherme signed a year-and-a-half contract with Russian Premier League club FC Khimki.
[17] Marcos Guilherme was called up by Alexandre Gallo to Brazil under-20 team for the 2015 South American Youth Football Championship.