The dominant limestone of the Margalla is mixed with sandstone and occasional minor beds of shale.

The archaeologists of the project have also found two human footprints over one million years old here, preserved in sands.

[4] Much less common are leopards, which occasionally come down from the Murree area but usually remain high up in the hills.

The area is home to a large number of birds, including robins, sparrows, kites, crows, larks, paradise flycatchers, black partridge, shrikes, pheasants, spotted doves, Egyptian vultures, falcons, hawks, eagles, Himalayan griffon vulture, laggar falcon, peregrine falcon, kestrel, Indian sparrow hawk, white cheeked bulbul, yellow vented bulbul, cheer pheasant, khalij pheasant, golden oriole, collared dove, wheatears and buntings.

Its highest point is the top of Pir Sohawa, and if you go 20 km ahead on the main road, you will find amazing city views along with the famous Monal Restaurant.

It has many attractions such as street foods, play grounds and tea stalls, hence becoming a good tourist spot.

The trail starts behind Islamabad Zoo and ends halfway up to Monal Restaurant.

3A is the more challenging one with being very steep and rocky and has a rock climbing point, however it is also very short (takes about 40 minutes to cover it).

It offers an ideal route for individuals seeking an extended walk deep within the hills, allowing them to fully immerse themselves in the natural beauty of the landscape.

The ecology of Margallas faces threats from quarrying by stone-crushing plants,[9] deforestation,[10] illegal encroachments,[11] and buildings, and poachers.

[17][18] The WWF-Pakistan's 'Green School Programme', in collaboration with the Capital Development Authority (CDA), carries out 'Eco-Adventure Activities' on the Margalla hills to raise awareness in the school children regarding the conservation of natural environment and about the importance of being environmentally responsible.