Maria Tauberová (née Proskeová; 28 April 1911 – 16 January 2003) was a Czech opera singer who had an active international career from the 1930s through the 1970s.
In addition to an almost four-decade career at the Prague National Theatre, she sang throughout Europe and in South America, frequently with her husband, conductor Jaroslav Krombholc.
She began her career in Vienna, portraying the title role in Fritz Kreisler's operetta Sissy for a total of 360 performances.
Among her signature roles at the house were Susanna in The Marriage of Figaro, Despina in Così fan tutte, Zerlina in Don Giovanni, Eurydice in Talich’s interpretation of Christoph Willibald Gluck’s Orfeo ed Euridice, Marguerite in Faust, Zerbinetta in Ariadne auf Naxos, Olympia in Les contes d'Hoffmann, Rosina in The Barber of Seville, and Violetta in La traviata.
In the Czech repertoire she was admired for her portrayals of Karolina in The Two Widows and the title roles in The Cunning Little Vixen, Mirandolina, and Julietta.