Maria das Neves Ceita Baptista de Sousa (born 1958) served as the 11th prime minister of São Tomé and Príncipe.

She was a key figure in the Movement for the Liberation of São Tomé and Príncipe-Social Democratic Party (MLSTP-PSD) and became the first woman head of government in the country.

Before becoming head of government, Maria das Neves worked as a civil servant in the Ministry of Finance, in the World Bank and the UN Children's Fund (UNICEF).

President Fradique de Menezes appointed das Neves as prime minister after the three-party Government of National Unity led by Gabriel Costa collapsed following complaints from the army over recent promotions.

[2] President Menezes dismissed her from the post on 15 September 2004 and asked her party to choose a new prime minister, after allegations of corruption were brought against her and members of her government.