Élisabeth Vigée Le Brun, the court painter of Queen Marie Antoinette of France, painted Marie Antoinette with a Rose in 1783, six years prior to the outbreak of French Revolution and ten years prior to the eventual beheading of Louis XVI and the queen.

Visitors to the Salon were shocked because they thought it unbecoming to portray a queen of France in this kind of dress.

It was also made of imported cotton instead of supporting the struggling French silk industry.

[2] Vigée Le Brun immediately painted a new portrait to be exhibited before the event ended.

[2] The first portrait, in a chemise, seems to have been lost, but the artist produced five subsequent versions with variations in costume, for example with a hat or in a muslin dress.