Marie Geistinger

[3] Apart from appearing in the title role of Johann Wilhelm Christern's Die falsche Pepita at Vienna's Theater in der Josefstadt in 1852, she spent the next dozen years abroad, acting and singing on the stages of Berlin, Hamburg and Riga.

[2] In 1865, Friedrich Strampfer, the director of Vienna's Theater an der Wien, invited her to return to Austria to star in the title role of Jacques Offenbach's operetta La Belle Hélène.

[4] She also acted in plays, taking the role of Leni in Alois Berla's Drei Paar Schuhe and that of Anna Birkmeier in Ludwig Anzengruber's Der Pfarrer von Kirchfeld.

[1] After the theatre ran into financial difficulties following the stock market crash of 1875, she gave up her management role, increasingly accepting the higher fees she received for guest performances at the Wiener Stadttheater.

[5] In 1880, she returned to Vienna's Theater an der Wien for a short period, successfully performing in Offenbach's German versions of Madame Favart (in the title role) and La fille du tambour-major as Stella.

[2] On an invitation from the American theatre manager and impresario Gustav Amberg, she moved to New York, where she made her début at the Thalia Theater on 5 January 1881, receiving the same enthusiastic reception as years earlier in Vienna.