The Marienkapelle is a Roman Catholic church located at the Unterer Markt (market square) of the town of Würzburg, Bavaria.

Today it is administered by the united parishes of the Würzburg Cathedral and the Kollegiatstift Neumünster [de].

The chapel was heavily damaged by the Bombing of Würzburg in World War II and its interior was destroyed by flames.

Its two best known works of art, the sculptures of Adam and Eve by Tilman Riemenschneider, are today located in the Mainfränkisches Museum and have been replaced in-situ by copies.

There are conflicting reports about any (wooden) structures that were erected immediately after that and whether a pilgrimage was established at the site.

Construction of the current church started under Bishop Gerhard von Schwarzburg [de] in 1377.

By 1441 it must have been largely completed, as Bishop Sigismund von Sachsen [de], driven from the cathedral, used it as his church.

Burial at this place seemed to have remained an honor bestowed by the Würzburg council on favored people, such as celebrated architect Balthasar Neumann, who was buried there following his death in 1753 (in an unmarked grave).

[1] In the 1490s, the council asked Tilman Riemenschneider and his workshop to add sculptures of the Apostles to the interior columns.

This work included changes to the western façade and added the lower gallery and the rose window.

[2]: 8 Most of the movable interior decoration was replaced in the Gothic revival period in the 19th century and was destroyed in 1945.

The current high altar (early 16th century) was brought here after the war from Neumünster; its previous provenance is not completely clear.

[1][2]: 8 There was no contemporary monument for Balthasar Neumann, a key contributor to the design of Würzburg Residence, who was buried at the second column of the southern aisle.

[2]: 11 The top of the gold-covered Madonna crowning the tower rises 72 meters above the market square.

Although it had survived the bombing of 16 March 1945 unharmed, it was subsequently damaged by repeated strafing from Allied aircraft during the fighting in the city.