The maroon-tailed parakeet (Pyrrhura melanura) is a species of bird in subfamily Arinae of the family Psittacidae, the African and New World parrots.

[3] The International Ornithological Committee and the Clements taxonomy assign these five subspecies to the maroon-tailed parakeet:[3][4] BirdLife International's Handbook of the Birds of the World (HBW) treats P. m. pacifica and P. m. chapmani as separate species, the "Choco" and "Upper Magdalena" parakeets, respectively.

Their throat, the sides of their neck, and their breast are dark green with buffy whitish feather edges that give a scaly appearance.

Their bill is grayish, their iris dark brown with bare white skin surrounding it, and their legs and feet blackish gray.

[6][8][9] The subspecies of the maroon-tailed parakeet are found thus:[3][6] The maroon-tailed parakeet inhabits the canopy and edges of a variety of landscapes including wet lowland premontane forest, cloudforest, várzea, terra firme, and also partially cleared areas.

[6][8][9][7] The maroon-tailed parakeet is thought to be generally sedentary, but some subspecies are believed to make seasonal elevational movements.

In captivity the clutch size is usually four eggs, the incubation period about 25 days, and the time to fledging seven to eight weeks.

Like the "Upper Magdalena" parakeet it was formerly affected by the pet trade and is currently under pressure from deforestation for timber and agriculture and by hunting.

[1][10][11] With the exception of chapmani the species is considered to be generally fairly common and in some areas is the most numerous parrot.