It consists of a full basement, a first floor containing a 200 foot by 300 foot drill hall, a mezzanine or "balcony" level, and a newer second level (reconstructed in 1933 after a fire) housing the trussed steel drill hall roof.

The façade features buttresses, parapets, casement windows, and a crenellated roofline, giving the appearance of a medieval fortification.

[3] On October 31, 1958, President Dwight Eisenhower delivered a televised speech from the Fifth Regiment Armory.

The event, promoting Republican Party candidates in that year's midterm elections, was attended by Maryland Governor Theodore McKeldin, Senator John Glenn Beall, Jr., Senator John Marshall Butler, and Congressman James Devereux.

[4] The Maryland Museum of Military History, housed at the Armory, collects artifacts and runs programming related to Maryland's militias, dating back to Colonial times, and present-day branches of the military.