[3] The primary teaching hospital for Harvard Medical School in ophthalmology and otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear trains more than 110 residents and fellows each year in its various sub-specialties, including cornea, neuro-ophthalmology, retina, eye pathology, pediatrics, glaucoma, ocular oncology, immunology, head & neck surgery, oncology, pediatric otolaryngology, facial plastics, otology and oto-neurology.

[2] In addition to ophthalmology and otolaryngology, the hospital provides patient services and conducts research and clinical training in audiology (diagnostics, hearing aids, and cochlear implants), balance (vestibular), facial nerve, thyroid, voice and speech, and vision rehabilitation.

[7][8] The main campus is also home to the Norman Knight Hyperbaric Medicine Center, which provides 24-hour emergency treatment for smoke inhalation, carbon monoxide poisoning, and diving injuries such as decompression sickness ("the bends").

[9] In a notice published on April 2, 2018, Massachusetts Eye and Ear's President John Fernandez announced the finalization of the agreement to make MEE a part of the Mass General Brigham hospital and physicians network.

[11] Massachusetts Eye and Ear has a total of 22 additional sites in the Greater Boston region, including three additional locations in Boston (the Longwood Medical Area, Emerson Place and Charlestown), as well as 19 sites in suburbs of Boston, including Braintree, Bridgewater, Concord, MA, Duxbury, Foxboro, Harwich, Mashpee, Lexington, Malden, Milton, Medford, Newton, Plainville, Providence RI, Quincy, Salem, Stoneham (two locations: one for Otolaryngology, and another for Ophthalmology and Audiology), Wellesley, and Weymouth.