Oddo played for several Italian clubs throughout his career, although he is mainly remembered for his time with Lazio, where he won the Coppa Italia, and in particular, AC Milan, where he won several titles, including the UEFA Champions League and the Scudetto; he also had a spell on loan with German club Bayern Munich.

At the international level, he represented the Italian squad at UEFA Euro 2004 and was also part of the team that won the 2006 FIFA World Cup.

Oddo started his career at Renato Curi Angolana of Serie D and moved to AC Milan youth team in 1993.

After spending two years on the bench, in the hope of more playing opportunities, he moved to Serie C team Fiorenzuola on loan.

On 23 January 2007, it was announced that Milan and Lazio had reached an accord for Oddo's transfer to the Rossoneri after a long negotiation period.

Oddo made his national debut on 21 August 2002, in a 1–0 home defeat to Slovenia, replacing Matteo Brighi during the second half, as part of a reformed squad after the unsuccessful 2002 FIFA World Cup performance of the Azzurri, under Giovanni Trapattoni.

During the main competition in Portugal, he made one appearance, playing as a substitute in Italy's final group game against Bulgaria (22 June 2004); during the match, he supplied an assist for Cassano's goal, which helped Italy win the match 2–1, although they were eliminated from the tournament in the first round on direct encounters, following a three-way five-point tie with Denmark and Sweden.

[12] At the end of 2006 FIFA World Cup final match in Germany, in which Italy defeated France 5–3 in a penalty shoot-out, Oddo chopped off a large chunk of his teammate Mauro Camoranesi's long hair as the rest of the squad danced around them in a circle.

[13] Oddo scored his first and only international goal for Italy from the penalty spot in a Euro 2008 qualifying match on 7 October 2006 against Ukraine, under manager Roberto Donadoni, which ended in a 2–0 victory for the Italians.

[15] Oddo was primarily deployed on the right flank as an offensive full-back or wing-back, or even as a wide-midfielder on occasion, due to his stamina, work-rate, defensive consistency, attacking drive, and crossing ability.

[34] Under his tenure, he guided Padova to win the 2021–22 Coppa Italia Serie C title, but failed automatic promotion by ending in second place behind Südtirol.

Due to failure to achieve promotion to Serie B, Oddo and Padova parted ways by mutual consent at the end of the season.

[35] On 14 February 2023, Oddo was named head coach of Serie B relegation-struggling club SPAL, replacing Daniele De Rossi.