The master suppression techniques is a framework articulated in 1945 by the Norwegian psychologist and philosopher Ingjald Nissen.
In the late 1970s, the framework was popularized by Norwegian social psychologist Berit Ås,[2] who reduced Nissen's original nine means to five, and claimed this was a technique mostly used in the workplace by men against women.
Master suppression techniques are defined as strategies of social manipulation by which a dominant group maintains such a position in an (established or unexposed) hierarchy.
They are very prominent in Scandinavian scholarly and public debate, where the expression is also used to refer to types of social manipulation not part of Ås's framework.
Example: A group of PhD students at Stockholm University[6] has formulated five counter strategies:[further explanation needed] They have also formulated five confirmation techniques:[further explanation needed] The Centre for Gender Equality in Norway has also published an article about how to combat this phenomenon.